ABSTRACT
Background: Medication errors are common problem in the hospitals leading to adverse drug event which is usually under reported by the health-care professionals; hence, the study on medication error would help to create consciousness in medical care providers and give quality care to patients and society. Aim and Objective: The aims of the study were as follows (i) To assess the types of medication error that occurs during medication use in the medicine intensive care unit (ICU) and (ii) to evaluate the adverse drug events by medication errors. Materials and Methods: The data were collected in medicine ICU Patients. Clinical data include age, gender, IP number, and diagnosis of the patient were collected. Data were analyzed on transcribed and administered medication errors. Out of 386 patients, 122 were females and 264 were males. Results: Most common age group was 41–60 year. Near seven drugs were prescribed per patient. Most common errors occurred during the drug transcribing stage (51.4%) than the administration stage (44.29%). Adverse events were more common in allergic reaction (46.15%) and musculoskeletal system (19.23%), and nervous system (11.53%). Conclusion: Medication errors are most routine problem faced in hospitals, which can significantly harm the patient. It should be recognized and their causes should be studied to minimize the recurrence and to prevent further adverse drug events.
ABSTRACT
Background: Antimicrobial agents (AMAs) are an integral part of management of diseases in the department of general medicine, and a wide range of antimicrobials are used for prevention, prophylaxis, or treatment of various infectious diseases. Systematic studies regarding the pattern of AMAs use may help in improving the quality of patient care by evidence-based practices and also in formulating effective antimicrobial usage guidelines. Aim and Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (i) To analyze the prescribing trends of Antimicrobials in Medicine wards of a Tertiary Care Hospital; (ii) to assess safety profile of AMAs; and (iii) to analyze extraneous factors influencing AMAs prescription. Materials and Methods: The prospective analysis of Antimicrobial prescriptions of Medicine wards for the period of July 2018–August 2019. The class of AMAs, formulation, dose, route of administration, frequency, and duration of administration and their safety was assessed using the WHO indicators. Results: The most frequently used AMAs were third generation cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone) and it was frequently combined with metronidazole. The choice of initial AMAs was empirical, which was later changed depending on the clinical response. The AMAs were effective in preventing or controlling infections and well tolerated without any serious adverse reactions or drug interactions. Conclusions: The rational use of AMAs is necessary to control worldwide emergence of antibacterial resistance, side effects, and to reduce the cost of treatment.
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Background: SARS-COV-2, a virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, is a highly pathogenic and has spread globally. Numerous vaccines such as Covaxin, Covishield, Sputnic, and Moderna are available for use in Indian population for prophylaxis and treatment of the same. As vaccine campaign kickoff worldwide and with several doses predicted to be administered in near future, there are more possibilities of vaccine related adverse drug reactions. By and large the benefits of vaccinations clearly outweigh the risks. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify the possible adverse events following COVID-19 vaccine immunization (AEFI) in Tumkur district, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: Following Ethics Committee approval and permission from District Health Officer (DHO), Tumkur, Karnataka, telephonic interview of 2650 health-care workers who had received their first dose of Covisheild vaccine and willing to respond was done. A follow-up telephonic interview was done after the second dose as well. Their answers were noted, tabulated, and analyzed. Results: About 98% of HCW who received the first dose received the second dose. Following the first dose, 55.3% showed symptoms whereas only 11% showed symptoms after the second. About 81.4% of individuals who showed symptoms post first dose had no symptoms after the second. The most commonly reported symptoms were pain at site of jab, fever, myalgia, cough, and headache. The majority of the individuals recovered with OTC medications. Conclusion: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine was first administered in health-care workers. There was no study published on the vaccination related ADR in Tumkur population. The vaccination rates were high among HCW with frequency of adverse events following first dose were higher, which was almost similar to the AEFI from the innovator prescribing information.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare quality of life of children with thalassemia major who haveundergone stem cell transplantation with those on regular transfusion. Methods: Thestudy included 40 children who underwent transplantation and 40 children and 20 adults onregular transfusion and iron chelation therapy. The quality of life assessment was doneusing the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scale. Results: The meantotal summary score, psychosocial summary score and physical score was 92, 91 and92.8, respectively in transplant group and 83, 82.7 and 83.6, respectively in children intransfusion group. The adult group on transfusion showed overall poorer scores of 74.9, 76and 73.9, respectively. The average scores in all domains were significantly (P<0.05) lowerand drop steeply in second decade in transfusion group. Conclusion: Allogeneic stem celltransplantation improves quality of life in thalassemia major.